Geocentric Solar System The two theories of the solar system include the geocentric and heliocentric. The geocentric system was the first theory relating to the solar system. The geocentric theory is the belief that the Earth is the center of the universe and the sun and other objects go around it. This beleif was the common thinking in ancient Greece. They had two common observations that they thought proved their theory. The first is that, for observers in the northern hemisphere, the stars and the sun appear to revolve around the Earth each day. The second reason is the perception that the Earth is solid and stable, it is not moving but is at rest.
Heliocentric Solar System
The heliocentric theory of the solar system is the belief that the sun is the center of the Universe. Nicolas Copernicus didn't have any evidence to support his idea so the Church didn't accept his theory. However, around the 17th century Copernicus presented a mathematical model of a heliocentric system, which was later elaborated by Kepler and defended by Galileo.
Trail of Galileo
Galileo Galilei was a scientist who was put on trial by the Catholic Church because he supported the beliefs of Copernicus' heliocentric astronomy ideas. The Catholics believed in the genocentric astronomy ideas because the evidence was in the Bible. In Psalm 104:5 it says, "the Lord set the earth on its foundations; it can never be moved." Even though they had interpreted this passage of scripture wrong they still believed they were right. Galileo was condemned to life in prison because he didn't attend to the trial. However the next day they changed his sentence to house arrest.
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